Seneca: A Life

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Battle of Actium, in which Octavian, later Augustus, defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra. This marked the end of the Roman Civil Wars and the beginning of one-man rule (the Principate).

19

BCE

Augustus completed the conquest of Roman Spain (Hispania).

c. 8

BCE

Birth of Lucius Annaeus Novatus (later known as Gallio), elder brother of our Seneca, son of Seneca the Elder and Helvia.

c. 4

BCE

Birth of Lucius Annaeus Seneca, in Corduba, Spain.

?1

BCE

Birth of Marcus Annaeus Mela, younger brother of our Seneca.

c. 5

AD

, or earlier

Seneca’s aunt took him to Rome for education in rhetoric and philosophy (the latter subject taught by Attalus the Stoic and Sotion the Sextian).

14

AD

Death of Augustus; accession of Tiberius, his adopted son.

c. 20

AD

(or a little later)

Seneca, suffering from bad health, went to Egypt for a long visit with his maternal aunt and uncle.

31

Seneca returned to Rome. His uncle died in a shipwreck en route back from Egypt. Seneca began to campaign for his first magistracy.

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