Beating Plowshares Into Swords: An Alternate History of the Vietnam War

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The following is an excerpt from Plowshares into Swords: an Oral History of the 1960’s, by Frank Shepherd, to be published next month by Harper-Smith.

The last place I had expected to be on the first Monday in April of 1965 was sitting in Richard Nixon’s office. I had just returned from two years in Germany as a Brigade Commander with NATO, looking forward to a posting as an instructor at West Point and watching my two children prepare to enter college; while Mr. Nixon had been Secretary of Defense for less than a month. The day before I was scheduled to leave Stuttgart, new orders arrived directing me to report to the Pentagon. Once there, I was directed to the SecDef‘s office, where I found myself across a desk from Mr. Nixon with no idea why I was there.

Of course in a larger sense the reason both of us were there was because of the ongoing debacle in South Vietnam. At that point in time the situation was this: The Communists had been watching the internal situation in the South deteriorate ever since the over throw of Diem-revolving door governments, political squabbling-and they had decided the time was right to go for broke. On the last day of January they rolled out of their bases in Laos and Cambodia, over 90,000 North Vietnamese Regulars backed up by an equal number of Viet Cong guerrillas. They sure had the South Vietnamese Army (ARVN)’s number; it folded like a cheap card table. In six weeks the Communists had over run the Central Highlands and reached the outskirts of Hue and Da Nang. Saigon was being hit by shell fire at will, almost a half dozen provincial capitals had fallen, and Highway One was in danger of being cut in a dozen places. If that was to come to pass, the entire country would effectively be chopped in half.

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