Secret Honor

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During the spring of 1943, 240 German submarines were operating in the North and South Atlantic Ocean. Their mission was the interdiction of Allied shipping carrying war supplies from the United States to England and North

Africa, and of Allied shipping carrying wool, beef, and other foodstuffs from (primarily) Argentina to England. During that month German submarines sank fifty-six Allied ships, totaling 327,900 tons, at a cost of fifteen submarines sunk, most of them in the North Atlantic.

German submarines operating in the North Atlantic- often in groups called "Wolf Packs"-operated out of Euro pean ports and returned to them for replenishment.

German submarines assigned to the South Atlantic

Ocean, however, were faced with the problems of the great distances between their European home ports and their operational areas. It took approximately a month for a submarine sailing from a French port to reach the mouth of the River Plate in Argentina. Once there, it had little fresh food or fuel-often barely enough to return to its home port. Once its torpedoes were expended, there was no resupply closer than France.

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